Some of the earliest evidence for specific localization of brain function derived from experiments on dogs by Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig, who electrically stimulated small regions of the exposed cortex in awake animals. The domestic dog has served as an experimental model in neuroscience experiments and translational neurology for several centuries. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This work was supported by a Burroughs-Wellcome Career development award to GKA, grants from the Hope for Vision foundation to GDA and GKA, a grant from the Pennsylvania Lion’s Foundation to GKA, National Eye Institute (NEI) / National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants EY020516 (GKA), -06855 (GDA), and -14579 (GDA), Foundation Fighting Blindness (GDA), and the ONCE International Price for R&D in Biomedicine and New Technologies for the Blind (GDA, GKA). Received: AugAccepted: NovemPublished: December 20, 2012Ĭopyright: © 2012 Datta et al. The University of New South Wales, Australia The atlas is available for download ( ).Ĭitation: Datta R, Lee J, Duda J, Avants BB, Vite CH, Tseng B, et al. The properties of the atlas are considered in relation to historical nomenclature and the evolutionary taxonomy of the Canini tribe. The atlas includes: 1) A brain template derived from in-vivo, T1-weighted imaging at 1 mm isotropic resolution at 3 Tesla (with and without the soft tissues of the head) 2) A co-registered, high-resolution (0.33 mm isotropic) template created from imaging of ex-vivo brains at 7 Tesla 3) A surface representation of the gray matter/white matter boundary of the high-resolution atlas (including labeling of gyral and sulcal features). Here we present a canine brain atlas derived as the diffeomorphic average of a population of fifteen mesaticephalic dogs. Such efforts can be enhanced by a population atlas of canine brain anatomy to implement group analyses.
In the last few years, anatomical and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of awake and anesthetized dogs have been reported. There is a long history and a growing interest in the canine as a subject of study in neuroscience research and in translational neurology.
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